Тип публикации: статья из журнала
Год издания: 2016
Идентификатор DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.08.004
Ключевые слова: Nanofiltration, Charged membranes, Electrolyte transport, Interfacial effects, Numerical modeling, Aspect ratio, Charge density, Diffusion, Electrolytes, Ions, Nanopores, Navier Stokes equations, Numerical models, Surface potential, Diffusion and migration, Ion concentrations, Membrane potentials, Smooth approximation, Volume charge density, Nanofiltration membranes
Аннотация: The pressure-driven electrolyte transport through nanofiltration membrane pores with constant surface potential or charge density is investigated theoretically. Two approaches are employed in the study. The first one is based on one-dimensional Nernst-Planck equation coupled with electroneutrality, zero current, and Donnan equilibrПоказать полностьюium conditions. This model is extended to account for interfacial effects by using a smooth approximation of step function for the volume charge density. The second approach is based on two-dimensional Nernst-Planck, Poisson, and Navier-Stokes equations, which are solved in a high aspect ratio nanopore connecting two reservoirs with much larger diameter. The modification of equations on the basis, of Slotboom transformation is employed to speed up the convergence rate. The distributions of potential, pressure, ion concentrations and fluxes due to convection, diffusion, and migration in the nanopore and reservoirs are discussed and analyzed. It is found that for constant surface charge density, the convective flux of counter ions in the nanopore is almost completely balanced by the opposite migration flux, while for constant surface potential, the convective flux is balanced by the opposite diffusion and migration fluxes. The co-ions in the nanopore are mainly transported by diffusion. A particular attention is focused on describing the interfacial effects at the nanopore entrance/exit. Detailed comparison between one and two dimensional models is performed in terms of rejection, pressure drop, and membrane potential dependence on the surface potential charge density, volume flux, ion concentration, and pore radius. A good agreement between these models is found when the Debye length is smaller than the pore radius and the surface potential or charge density are sufficiently low. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Журнал: JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
Выпуск журнала: Vol. 520
Номера страниц: 515-528
ISSN журнала: 03767388
Место издания: AMSTERDAM
Издатель: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV