Тип публикации: статья из журнала

Год издания: 2018

Идентификатор DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06036-0

Аннотация: Though tree-ring chronologies are annually resolved, their dating has never been independently validated at the global scale. Moreover, it is unknown if atmospheric radiocarbon enrichment events of cosmogenic origin leave spatiotemporally consistent fingerprints. Here we measure the 14C content in 484 individual tree rings formed iПоказать полностьюn the periods 770–780 and 990–1000 CE. Distinct 14C excursions starting in the boreal summer of 774 and the boreal spring of 993 ensure the precise dating of 44 tree-ring records from five continents. We also identify a meridional decline of 11-year mean atmospheric radiocarbon concentrations across both hemispheres. Corroborated by historical eye-witness accounts of red auroras, our results suggest a global exposure to strong solar proton radiation. To improve understanding of the return frequency and intensity of past cosmic events, which is particularly important for assessing the potential threat of space weather on our society, further annually resolved 14C measurements are needed. © 2018, The Author(s).

Журнал: Nature Communications

Выпуск журнала: Vol. 9, Is. 1

Номера страниц: 3605

ISSN журнала: 20411723

Издатель: Nature Publishing Group

• Büntgen U. (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic, Department of Geography, Masaryk University, Brno, 611 37, Czech Republic)
• Wacker L. (Laboratory for Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland)
• Galván J.D. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland)
• Arnold S. (Laboratory for Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland)
• Arseneault D. (Département de biologie, chimie et géographie, University of Québec in Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada)
• Baillie M. (School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT7 1NN, United Kingdom)
• Beer J. (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Eawag, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland)
• Bernabei M. (CNR-IVALSA, Trees and Timber Institute, San Michele all′Adige, TN 38010, Italy)
• Bleicher N. (Competence Center for Underwater Archaeology and Dendrochronology, Office for Urbanism, City of Zurich, Zürich, 8008, Switzerland)
• Boswijk G. (School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand)
• Bräuning A. (Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91058, Germany)
• Carrer M. (Department Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), 35020, Italy)
• Ljungqvist F.C. (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom, Department of History, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-10691, Sweden, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-10691, Sweden)
• Cherubini P. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland)
• Christl M. (Laboratory for Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland)
• Christie D.A. (Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile, Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, 8370449, Chile)
• Clark P.W. (Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States)
• Cook E.R. (Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964-8000, United States)
• D’Arrigo R. (Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964-8000, United States)
• Davi N. (Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964-8000, United States, Department of Environmental Science, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, United States)
• Eggertsson Ó. (Icelandic Forest Research Mógilsá, Reykjavik, 116, Iceland)
• Esper J. (Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55099, Germany)
• Fowler A.M. (School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand)
• Gedalof Z. (Department of Geography, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada)
• Gennaretti F. (AgroParisTech, INRA, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, 54000, France)
• Grießinger J. (Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91058, Germany)
• Grissino-Mayer H. (Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-0925, United States)
• Grudd H. (Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, SE-104 05, Stockholm, Sweden)
• Gunnarson B.E. (Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-10691, Sweden, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden)
• Hantemirov R. (Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620144, Russian Federation)
• Herzig F. (Bavarian State Office for Monument Protection, München, 80539, Germany)
• Hessl A. (Department of Geology and Geography, West Virginia UniversityWV 26505-6300, United States)
• Heussner K.-U. (German Archaeological Institute, Berlin, 14195, Germany)
• Jull A.J.T. (Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States, AMS Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States, Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre, Institute of Nuclear Research, Debrecen, H-4001, Hungary)
• Kukarskih V. (Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620144, Russian Federation)
• Kirdyanov A. (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom, Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation, Department of Humanities, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation)
• Kolář T. (Global Change Research Institute CAS, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic, Department of Wood Science, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic)
• Kyncl T. (Global Change Research Institute CAS, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic)
• Lara A. (Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile, Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, 8370449, Chile)
• LeQuesne C. (Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile)
• Linderholm H.W. (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden)
• Loader N.J. (Department of Geography, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, United Kingdom)
• Luckman B. (Department of Geography, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada)
• Miyake F. (Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan)
• Myglan V.S. (Department of Humanities, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation)
• Nicolussi K. (Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria)
• Oppenheimer C. (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EN, United Kingdom)
• Palmer J. (Palaeontology, Geobiology and Earth Archives Research Centre, and ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)
• Panyushkina I. (Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States)
• Pederson N. (Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA 01366, United States)
• Rybníček M. (Global Change Research Institute CAS, Brno, 603 00, Czech Republic, Department of Wood Science, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, 61300, Czech Republic)
• Schweingruber F.H. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland)
• Seim A. (Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany)
• Sigl M. (Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, 5232, Switzerland)
• Churakova (Sidorova) O. (Department of Humanities, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1205, Switzerland)
• Speer J.H. (Department of Earth and Environmental Systems, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, United States)
• Synal H.-A. (Laboratory for Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland)
• Tegel W. (Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, Archaeological Service Kanton Thurgau (AATG), Frauenfeld, 8510, Switzerland)
• Treydte K. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland)
• Villalba R. (Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales, IANIGLA - CONICET, CP 330, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina)
• Wiles G. (Department of of Earth Sciences, The College of Wooster, OH 44691, United States)
• Wilson R. (Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964-8000, United States, School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland KY16 9AJ, United Kingdom)
• Winship L.J. (School of Natural Science, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA 01002, United States)
• Wunder J. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, CH-8903, Switzerland, School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand)
• Yang B. (Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China)
• Young G.H.F. (Department of Geography, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, United Kingdom)

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