Charity as the Demonstration of Mentality of the Merchant Class and Entrepreneurs of Russia in the XIX century [Благотворительность как проявление ментальности купечества и предпринимателей России в XIX веке]

Описание

Тип публикации: статья из журнала

Год издания: 2020

Идентификатор DOI: 10.13187/bg.2020.3.1132

Ключевые слова: artists, charity, collectors, entrepreneurs, merchants, patrons, russia, siberia

Аннотация: The object of interest of this project is charity in Russia which is viewed as a social phenomenon. The origins and types of activity of charity providers which at first was unorganized and consisted of almsgiving and donations for the benefit of the church are shown in historic contest. The reasons due to which the merchants startПоказать полностьюed taking up the leading positions in this type of activity by the XIX century are revealed. Also the numerical and comparative analysis of the merchant class in the regions has been performed, during which it has been determined that the number of merchants in both European Russia and Siberia was much less than that of other social groups. The source of merchant class formation from the peasantry and bourgeois class allows making statements regarding its mentality based on the commitment to customs and traditions. It has been determined that it is especially clearly in evidence regarding the Old Belief class. The analysis of the incentives to conduct charity shows the absence of regional differences between them. They included both lucrative and selfish incentives and humanistic ones based on the sincere desire to help. The determining criteria were the personal characteristics of the donors. Charity was a way of possible rehabilitation of the merchant class in the eyes of the society for the wealth accumulated using unjust ways and therefore motivated the activity of the merchant ways. The correctness of the theoretical conclusions is approved by the facts from the life of the most well-known charity providers of Russia. The article also deals with patronage as the type of charity, its role in the lives of artists and general preservation of the cultural heritage. Copyright © 2020 by International Network Center for Fundamental and Applied Research The object of interest of this project is charity in Russia which is viewed as a social phenomenon. The origins and types of activity of charity providers which at first was unorganized and consisted of almsgiving and donations for the benefit of the church are shown in historic contest. The reasons due to which the merchants started taking up the leading positions in this type of activity by the XIX century are revealed. Also the numerical and comparative analysis of the merchant class in the regions has been performed, during which it has been determined that the number of merchants in both European Russia and Siberia was much less than that of other social groups. The source of merchant class formation from the peasantry and bourgeois class allows making statements regarding its mentality based on the commitment to customs and traditions. It has been determined that it is especially clearly in evidence regarding the Old Belief class. The analysis of the incentives to conduct charity shows the absence of regional differences between them. They included both lucrative and selfish incentives and humanistic ones based on the sincere desire to help. The determining criteria were the personal characteristics of the donors. Charity was a way of possible rehabilitation of the merchant class in the eyes of the society for the wealth accumulated using unjust ways and therefore motivated the activity of the merchant ways. The correctness of the theoretical conclusions is approved by the facts from the life of the most well-known charity providers of Russia. The article also deals with patronage as the type of charity, its role in the lives of artists and general preservation of the cultural heritage.

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Издание

Журнал: Bylye Gody

Выпуск журнала: Vol. 57, Is. 3

Номера страниц: 1132-1141

ISSN журнала: 20739745

Издатель: International Network Center for Fundamental and Applied Research

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