Перевод названия: COURT FINE AS A CRIMINAL LAW MEASURE: A COMPARATIVE-HISTORICAL ASPECT
Тип публикации: доклад, тезисы доклада, статья из сборника материалов конференций
Конференция: ПРАВОВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ УКРЕПЛЕНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОСТИ; Томск; Томск
Год издания: 2018
Идентификатор DOI: 10.17223/9785946216678/27
Ключевые слова: punitive order, court order, special order, confession of guilt, plea deal, verdict, карательный приказ, судебный приказ, особый порядок, признание вины, сделка с правосудием, приговор
Аннотация: Статья посвящена новому институту российского уголовного и уголовнопроцессуального права - мере уголовно-правового характера в виде судебного штрафа. Анализируется дореволюционный прообраз данного института, а именно судебный приказ, составлявший альтернативу приговору, а также современный институт особого порядка, предусмотренный Показать полностьюглавой 40 УПК РФ. В результате делается вывод о смешанной природе судебного штрафа и его существенных недостатках. The paper aims to analyse the institution of the termination of the case with the imposition of a criminal law measure in the form of a court fine, which is new for the modern Russian criminal procedure, and the determination of its place in the system of simplified proceedings. To achieve this aim, comparative-historical and comparative legal methods of research, analysis of the current Russian legislation and statements of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation are used. The order of termination of the case with the imposition of a court fine is compared with the court order that existed in the Russian Empire. Despite some similarities of these institutions, it is noted that, unlike a court order, the new order does not require simplicity and clarity of the case as a necessary condition for its application. The requirement of simplicity and clarity is also not compensated by the duty of the accused (suspect) to plead guilty, although the Criminal Procedure Charter and the German court practice consider confession as one of the grounds for applying the court order. In this regard, the inconsistency of the new order is noted: without a directly demand to plead guilty, the accused (suspect) is actually forced to do it indirectly - through the duty to compensate for the damage caused by the crime and pay a court fine. The current version of the RF Code of Criminal Procedure allows terminating the case with the imposition of a court fine in establishing the circumstances provided for in Article 25.1 of the RF Code of Criminal Procedure rather than based on the results of a full-fledged proving at the stage of preliminary investigation and establishing all the circumstances provided for in Article 73 of the RF Code of Criminal Procedure. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that when the court considers the issue of termination of the case with the imposition of a court fine, a full-fledged court investigation is not conducted. And although the RF Supreme Court tried to compensate for this shortcoming by the court's requirement to verify the validity of suspicion or accusation, in the absence of a full preliminary investigation and a court investigation, the efficiency of such measures raises serious doubts. As a result, it is concluded that the most modern institution for terminating the case with the imposition of a criminal law measure in the form of a court fine is similar to the institution of termination of the case with the accused pleading guilty, which in turn is nothing more than a plea deal. The essence of the deal in this case is that the accused (suspect) in exchange for indirect confession is allowed to terminate the case not by a conviction with a criminal penalty, but by a decision on termination with the imposition of a court fine.
Журнал: ПРАВОВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ УКРЕПЛЕНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОСТИ
Выпуск журнала: Часть 75
Номера страниц: 224-231
Место издания: Томск
Издатель: Издательский Дом Томского государственного университета