Перевод названия: The change of the rhythmic and structural characteristics of athletes-sprinters'' racing step by using asymmetric force action
Тип публикации: статья из журнала
Год издания: 2014
Ключевые слова: asymmetric exercises, barrier-sprint-specific exercises, асимметричные упражнения, скоростной барьер, спринт, специфические упражнения
Аннотация: Статья посвящена изучению влияния асимметричного силового воздействия на изменение ритмоструктурных характеристик бегового шага легкоатлетов-спринтеров. В процессе исследования были установлены показатели пространственно-временных характеристик спринтерского бега с использованием локального отягощения, не превышающего 10% веса звенПоказать полностьюа и расположенного на дистальных частях голени как одной ноги, так и на двух, и проведен сравнительный анализ этих характеристик с бегом в обычных условиях. Кроме того, проведено сопоставление ритмоструктурных характеристик в беге с использованием асимметричного силового воздействия квалифицированных спортсменов и новичков. Years of experience with a group of sprinters referred to the matter of speed training of sprinters at the stage of sports perfection. The analysis of the recordings of competitive races during a competition season clearly showed the stabilisation of the rhythm and speed characteristics of athletes' running. The problem has defined the task of finding special exercises and methods of their using, which would allow showing increased power capacity and speed-power training of athletes at the sprint distance. The training program (running with weights in the form of cuffs on thighs or shins) involves an imitation of sprint when the athlete must overcome intentionally created resistance. This program is a means of increasing the sprinter's running speed and is designed for the muscle groups involving in running. Adding weight to limbs enhances the power of the work of non-core muscles and increases the intensity of running. We estimated the parameters of running in normal and difficult conditions. Conditions of running were hampered by weights located on the distal parts of the shin and these weights did not exceed 10% of a single part weight. The comparison of characteristics was made in running at the distance of 50 m with the use of weights on two legs, at the same distance with asymmetric weight, both on the right and on the left leg, and in running at the distance of 50 m without weight. It was found that beginners showed no changes in the running parameters with the weight on the right or on the left leg. Skilled athletes when running with the weight on the non-leading motor leg had a frequency drop from 0.6 to 1.5 % (P0.05) from the leading leg. The step length with the weight on the non-leading or leading leg changed even less. The frequency drop with weights on two legs for the skilled sportsmen was up to 6%, for the beginners it was up to 12% (P 0.05). Changes of the step length of the skilled sportsmen was not very significant (0.6% (P0.05)) in running with symmetric weights and 0.3% (P0.05) with asymmetric weights. Beginners' changes were 1% and 0.4% (P0.05) respectively. Estimation of parameters of sprinters' running with different additional weight showed that the change of the space and time characteristics of running with asymmetric load was less than with weights on two legs for both the skilled sportsmen and the newcomers. The decrease of sportsmen' speed was largely connected with the change of frequency parameters of the running step.
Журнал: Вестник Томского государственного университета
Выпуск журнала: № 379
Номера страниц: 184-188
ISSN журнала: 15617793
Место издания: Томск
Издатель: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет